Hungarian Historical Phonology hall

Sanatista

hall 'listen'

First attestation/Old Hungarian data

Hadlaua 'listen'

Important dialectal forms

[coming]

Uralic/Ugric/Pre-Hungarian reconstruction

PU *kVntǝlǝ-

Aikio 2013: PU ? *kuntiCli- 'listen'

Abondolo 1996: 95: *kanta-li-

Sammallahti 1988: 544: PUg *kVnta- < PU *kunta- 'perceive, catch'

UEW: PUg (? PFU) *kunta-lɜ- ‘hören, horchen; hear, eavesdrop‘

Status of the Ugric etymology

Probable but with cognate also in Finnic

Loan etymology

None suggested

Cognates suggested in earlier research

UEW:

Khanty: East (V) kunγəl- 'hören', (Trj) kuntəγʌə- 'hören; vernehmen' < Proto-Khanty *kūntǝɣlǝ- (Aikio 2013)

Mansi: South (TJ) kantāl-, East (KU) χōntl-, West (P) kontl-, North χūntl- 'horchen' < Proto-Mansi *kwāntǝl- (Aikio 2013)

Finnic: Fi kuunnella < PFi *kuntëlë-

Commentary

The etymology is listed in UEW both under the Finno-Ugric and Ugric etymologies (with the Finno-Ugric etymology marked as uncertain). It is clear that this verb is not limited to Ugric but the Finno-Ugric/Uralic etymology seems quite certain, even if there are issues with the reconstruction of the vocalism (Aikio 2013 lists the word under etymologies that show aberrant vowel correspondencies). Abondolo reconstructs Proto-Uralic *kantali-, assuming that the forms pointing to *u (such as the Finnic cognate) show Proto-Uralic ablaut; this idea is impossible, but the reconstruction *kantali- would explain Hungarian *a regularly (there are few cases where *a comes from *u and most examples are not very good).

It is an old idea that the Uralic verb discussed here is derived from the Uralic word 'hunt', reconstructed as *kunta- in the UEW. The reconstruction of the vocalism of this word is also notoriously complicated (Aikio 2013 reconstructs ? *ko/untV ‘hunt; hunting party’).

Conclusion

The Uralic etymology is convincing although many phonological details require further attention.

References

Aikio 2006: 16: PU

Aikio 2013: PU (aberrant vowel correspondences)

Abondolo 1996: 95, No. 295: PU

Sammallahti 1988: 544: PFU

UEW s.v. : PUg kunta-lɜ, ? PFU Uralonet