Hungarian Historical Phonology nyom
nyom 'drücken, wiegen, drucken, Spur, Fußstapfe'
First attestation/Old Hungarian data
[coming]
Important dialectal forms
[coming]
Uralic/Ugric/Pre-Hungarian reconstruction
(Disputed:)
MSzFE, UEW:
PUg *ńolɜ- (ńolɜ-mɜ-) 'press; drücken'
or
UEW:
PFU *ńȣmɜ- 'press, compress, crush; zusammendrücken'
Status of the Ugric etymology
Improbable
Loan etymology
None suggested
Cognates suggested in earlier research
Khanty: East (V) ńŏl- 'kneten (Teig, Ton mit den Händen)', South (Kr) ńăttə-: ut ńăttə- 'kneten (Teig, Ton mit den Händen); aus Beeren und Mehl Piroggenteig machen, kneten', North (O) ńăl- 'kneten, Mehl in den Teig mischen, zerdrücken, zerkleinern'
Mansi: East (KU) ńal- 'kneten, zerkleinern', North (So) ńol- 'kneten, zerkleinern', West (P) ńal- 'kneten, zerkleinern', North (N) ńol- 'nyom; drücken'
For the suggested PFU etymology and cognates, see Uralonet
Commentary
This is a dubious Ugric etymology, also considered uncertain by UEW. No reason to consider the Proto-Ugric word a derivative, as the m element is found only in Hungarian. UEW’s assumption that this has to be a PUg derivative because of the *lm > m change is circular reasoning; we do not know how long this change was productive, and it could have happened in Pre-Hungarian. It is methodologically wrong to assume a PUg derivative if there is no Ob-Ugric evidence at all. However, it is not impossible that the word is a Proto-Hungarian derivative.
The reconstruction of Ugric vocalism is unclear, which makes the etymology doubtful.
The possible Proto-Finno-Ugric etymology is rejected by Bereczki (2013: 167).
Conclusion
[coming]
References
Bereczki 2013: 167: not PFU
EWUng: 1045, s.v. nyom: PUg or PFU
MSzFE: 448-449, s.v. nyom: PUg or PFU