Hungarian Historical Phonology hord

hord 'tragen'

? hurcol 'schleppen, schleifen, herumtragen'

First attestation/Old Hungarian data

Old Hungarian hortzol 'schleppen, schleifen, herumtragen'

Important dialectal forms

[coming]

Uralic/Ugric/Pre-Hungarian reconstruction

Disputed:

UEW: *kurɜ- ‘draw, tug, drag, carry; ziehen, schleppen‘

Status of the Ugric etymology

Uncertain

Loan etymology

None suggested so far

Cognates suggested in earlier research

UEW:

Mansi: South (TJ) kart-, East (KU) χart-, West (P) kart-, North (So) χart- 'ziehen' < ? PMs *kart-

Commentary

The Ugric background of Hungarian hord is uncertain, as the background of the possible derivational suffixes in Hungarian (-d) and Mansi (-t) is uncertain. Also the semantic connection is not quite clear. Because of these reasons, the etymology is doubted by WOT (1319). Honti (2017: 101) defends the etymology, assuming that Hungarian rd can reflect Ugric *rt, but because there are no parallels to this, the idea cannot be accepted.

The vowel-relations are less problematic, as Mansi *a and Hu o could be derived from Proto-Ugric *u without problems. However, due to the problems mentioned above, the Ugric origin of hord remains uncertain.

It is also far from clear that Hungarian hurcol and hord are related, as the possible derivational relationship between the two variants is unclear.

MSzFE listed Selkup (Taz) quri̮- as a cognate of Hungarian hord but this is rejected by UEW.

Conclusion

Due to problems involving word-formation and semantics, the Ugric etymology remains uncertain.

References

EWUng: 576, s.v. hord: probably PUg

Honti 2017: 100-101: PUg

MSzFE: 299-300: s.v. hord: PU

UEW s.v. kurɜ-: PUg Uralonet

WOT: 1319: ? PUg