Hungarian Historical Phonology akad

akad 'steckenbleiben: Anstoß nehmen, sich stoßen an etwas; stoßen an etwas; sich finden, sich treffen, vorkommen'

akaszt 'hängen, anhängen'

First attestation/Old Hungarian data

[coming]

Important dialectal forms

No notable dialectal variation, all the attested variants show a, ÚMTSz: 180, s.v. akad²

Uralic/Ugric/Pre-Hungarian reconstruction

? *ϑokkV-

(Disputed:)

UEW: *ϑȣkkɜ- 'get stuck; get at, meet; steckenbleiben; geraten, treffen, begegnen'

Status of the Ugric etymology

[coming]

Loan etymology

None suggested

Cognates suggested in earlier research

Khanty: East (V) lökən- 'auf dem Grund sitzenbleiben', South (DN) toχən- 'begegnen, zufällig treffen', North (Kaz) ʌǫχən- 'treffen (zufällig z.B. eine Kugel); begegnen; geraten, kommen (irgendwohin)' < PKh *ʌakī̮n (Zhivlov 2006)

Mansi: South (TJ) takn- 'fest steckenbleiben (z.B. eine in die Erde geschlagene Stange)', East (KU) taχn- 'steckenbleiben (z.B. das Boot an einem Holz)', West (LU) tāχ- 'geraten', North (N) taχ- 'geraten' < PMs *takn- (Zhivlov 2006)

Commentary

Hungarian akad and akaszt are derivatives, the bare stem is not attested.

If the Proto-Khanty and Proto-Mansi reconstructions with *a are correct, a Proto-Ugric form can probably be reconstructed: Hu a can reflect either PU *o or *a, and the Ob-Ugric vowels fit an old *o-i-stem (in Zhivlov's 2006 material and Aikio's 2013 handout, the same Ob-Ugric vowel-correspondences are found in the Ob-Ugric cognates of Uralic *o-i-stems like *soski- 'chew' or *joŋsi 'bow'). UEW notes that the East Khanty forms with ö are secondary.

Conclusion

[coming]

References

Abondolo 1998: 42: PUg

EWUng

Honti 1982

UEW s.v. ϑȣkkɜ-: PUg Uralonet

Zhivlov 2006: 102: POug